The?Times ÖйúAƬ?World University Rankings 2019 engineering and technology?subject ranking includes a range of narrower subject areas.

The subjects used to create this rankings are:

• General engineering
• Electrical and electronic engineering
• Mechanical and aerospace engineering
• Civil engineering
• Chemical engineering

Different weights and measures

The subject tables employ the same range of?13 performance indicators?used in the overall?World University Rankings 2019, brought together with scores provided under five categories.

However, the overall methodology is carefully recalibrated for each subject, with the weightings changed to suit the individual fields.

The weightings for the?engineering and technology ranking are:

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• Teaching: the learning environment
  30.0 per cent
• Research: volume, income and reputation
  30.0 per cent
• Citations: research influence
  27.5 per cent
• International outlook: staff, students and research
  7.5 per cent
• Industry income: innovation
  5.0 per cent

Criteria

Two criteria are to be included in the subject rankings: a publication threshold by discipline and an academic staff* threshold by discipline.

No institution can be included in the overall World University Rankings unless it?has published a minimum of 1,000 research papers over the five years that we examine.

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For the 11 subject rankings, the publication thresholds are different. For engineering and technology, the threshold drops to 500 papers published in this discipline over the past five years.

There is also an academic staff eligibility criterion. Up until the 2018 subject rankings, we expected an institution to have at least 4 per cent of its academic staff working in the engineering and technology discipline in order to include it in the subject table.

For the 2019 subject rankings, we have made a small adjustment in the staff eligibility criterion. An institution needs to have either at least a proportion of staff or a specific number of staff in this discipline to be included in the subject ranking.

For engineering and technology, we expect an institution either to have at least 4 per cent of its academic staff in the engineering and technology discipline or to have at least 40 academic staff in the engineering and technology discipline.

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*Academic staff is defined as the full-time equivalent number of staff employed in an academic post, for example lecturer, reader or professor.